Rough draft of "Crazy Days" ATL.

Hmm, I just realized I forgot to change the dates for Reagan getting elected president (1982 instead of 1980), and that the reason why the US boycotted the Olympic Games in Moscow (the regime's failure to deal with Islamic Unrest in the post-war period). I'll have to add that in.
 
Well the rise of fasciscm could be seen in three forms. It can be seen as a a right-wing nationalistic backlash to the rise of Communism. A good example of this type of phenomenon would OTL's 1994 rise of Vladimir Zhirinovsky in 1994 as a result of the 1991 collapse of the USSR. It can also be seen as a centrist reaction to the WORE, Some good examples would be the rise of the Mubarak government in 1981 in OTL, after the rise of 1979 Iranian Revolution. Third, it can be seen as an offshoot of German power growth, with the governments reflecting the nature of the superpower influence, such as the 1948 Communist Party Revolutions in Eastern Europe in OTL. Either that or you can have a combination of all three factors...
 
Mr_ Bondoc said:
Well the rise of fasciscm could be seen in three forms. It can be seen as a a right-wing nationalistic backlash to the rise of Communism. A good example of this type of phenomenon would OTL's 1994 rise of Vladimir Zhirinovsky in 1994 as a result of the 1991 collapse of the USSR. It can also be seen as a centrist reaction to the WORE, Some good examples would be the rise of the Mubarak government in 1981 in OTL, after the rise of 1979 Iranian Revolution. Third, it can be seen as an offshoot of German power growth, with the governments reflecting the nature of the superpower influence, such as the 1948 Communist Party Revolutions in Eastern Europe in OTL. Either that or you can have a combination of all three factors...

That sounds pretty plausible. Post-Communist Italy would be ripe for a Fascist takeover. Interestingly enough I was actually thinking of having Zhirinovsky rise to power in 1997 in this ATL. I'm also thinking about having Saddam Hussein win against Iran and thus building a new Babylonian Empire, instead of losing both that war and the Gulf War. Perhaps we'll see a Moscow-Baghdad-Rome Axis in the 21st Century?
 
Mr_ Bondoc said:
Here are some dates from OTL's history of Italy that maybe important to the development of the ISSR. I would certainly take note of the events of the 1960s and 1970s for possible post-collapse chaos in the "former-ISSR". As such please be warned:


July 25, 1943 Hitler and Mussolini meet at Feltre (ATL's version of the developments between Stalin and Hitler?).

July 28, 1943 Otto Skorzeny (in the ATL, attempts to assasinate) frees Mussolini, who then assumes leadership of the Republica Sociale Italiana - the Salo Republic.

December 8, 1944 British and US military accord to support anti-communists. M16 and OSS work closely on this.

December 27, 1944 Founding of The Common Man newspaper to appeal to fascist sympathizers, reactionaries, monarchists and Salo republicans.

March 21, 1945 Report from the "Confidential Affairs" section of the Interior Ministry of Mussolini's Salo Republic on the establishment of espionage in occupied Italy - calls for infiltration of the Communist Party. Also points to ties between Italian fascists and the Roman Catholic Church.

April 29, 1945 Angleton rescues Prince Borghese (a wartime fascist) from his hiding place in Milan and escorts him to Rome dressed as a US officer.

June 18, 1946 Communist Minister of Justice Togliatti proclaims a general amnesty with very few exceptions.

November 14, 1947 National Security Council document 1/1: "The Position of the United States with Respect to Italy."

1948 Covert CIA operations against leftists in Italian elections.

July 1948 Anti-anarchist and communist repression swings into gear - people are tried, convicted and do time for anti-fascist activity. MSI expands.

July 1951 Premier de Gasperi authorizes the formation of a "civil defence corps" to assist police and carabinieri.

May 14, 1952 US Joint Chiefs of Staff top secret memo on a plan code-named "Demagnetize" to reduce communism in Italy and France using "political, paramilitary and psychological operations." The governments of Italy and France were not informed of the plan - carried out in Italy by General Giovanni De Lorenzo, then head of military intelligence and later accused of having plotted a military coup in the summer of 1964.

1956 Ordine Nuovo founded by Pino Rauti - its members will be sentenced in 1973 for reconstituting the banned Fascist Party: the prosecutor was killed by the group in 1973.

1959 Military intelligence (SIFAR) begins collecting dossiers on Italian citizens - copies forwarded to the CIA.

1960 Fascist and anti-Semitic slogans painted on the walls of Jewish buildings and Socialist Party offices.

1961 Notorious soldier of fascism, Stefano Delle Chaie, is arrested for removing the flag of the Resistance from the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Rome.

1961 Right-wing Italian journalist, Ordine Nuovo founder and future secretary of MSI, Pino Rauti gives a lecture at the US Marine College in Annapolis on "Techniques and Possibilities of a Coup d'Etat in Europe."

1963 Top secret Operation Gladio begins - SIFAR and CIA secret network that would stay behind in the event of Eastern Bloc invasion of Italy or communist subversion. Financed and controlled by the CIA. Later revealed that arms caches buried around Italy for use by Gladio members. P2 master Licio Gelli later reported that Gladio members were fascist members of Mussolini's last stand.

1964 Secret plan called "Piano Solo" is created for the paramilitary police to intervene to restore public order in a coup - exposed in May 1967 by L'Espresso. General De Lorenzo of the carabinieri and others were to have assassinated Premier Aldo Moro who promised an "opening to the left." The coup was called off at the final moment by a compromise between the Socialists and right-wing Christian Democrats. De Lorenzo would go on to create La Rosa Dei Venti, a secret organization that aimed to keep officers loyal to De Lorenzo and his plan.

May 3-5, 1965 Conference of fascists and conservatives sponsored by the Alberto Pollio Institute at Rome's Parco dei Principi Hotel on "Revolutionary War" - considered to be the momento zero of the strategy of tension.

1966 de Gaulle denounces previously secret NATO protocols committing the signatory countries to prevent communists from assuming political power as an infringement of national sovereignty.

April 21, 1967 CIA-inspired military coup in Greece - Greek junta visited immediately by Pino Rauti.

June 5, 1967 NATO decides to move its Mediterranean naval command to Naples and its Defense College from Paris to Rome. The US Sixth Fleet base changed to Gaeta, Italy due to de Gaulle's decision to withdraw from full membership in the Atlantic Alliance.

1968 Student and worker protests amid explosive attacks by Maoists and fascists.

January 1969 Constitution of the Italian Section of the Situationist International (henceforth the "SI").

April 25, 1969 Milan trade fair bombing injures twenty people - investigations center on anarchist and left-wing circles, but turns out that they had been infiltrated by the extreme right, which was in contact with the secret services. Two right-wing publishers and booksellers (Franco Freda, au. of The Disintegration of the System, and Giovanni Ventura) were responsible for the blast. They were said to have met with Pino Rauit and another right-wing journalist, Guido Giannetti on April 18 - the latter were linked to $800,000 payments from the US embassy for a "propaganda effort."

July 1969 Publication of Internazionale situazionista #1 (4,000 copies) edited by Claudio Pavan, Paolo Salvadori and Gianfranco Sanguinetti in the middle of the "hot" summer.

September 1969 Venice Conference of the SI. The Italian section represented by Pavan, Rothe, Salvadori, Sanguinetti. Sabotage of FIAT factories in Turin and the Pirelli plant in Milan.

November 19, 1969 Publication of the tract Advice to the Proletariat by the Italian Section of the SI on the day of a day-long general strike. Riots errupt in Milan.

December 12, 1969 bombs explode in Milan's Piazza Fontana and in Rome. The cover-up of the Piazza Fontana bombing would last decades and involve secret service officers uninvolved with the bombing itself. General Maletti and Captain Labruna were sentenced for sabotaging the investigation and the main suspects - Freda, Ventura and Giannettini - were acquitted even though two other courts had sentenced them to life for carrying out the bombing. The SID and latter renamed SISMI were undoutedly involved, with the police playing a minor role. Ventura, who tried to pose as a lefty, later claimed to be working for the CIA. Giannettini was an SID informant since 1967. Politicians such as Moro, who were made aware of the details of the bombing and opposed the strategy of tension, accommodated the plotters rather than expose them publicly.

December 19, 1969 Publication of the tract Is the Reichstag Burning? (a tract denouncing the police provocation of the bombings in Milan and Rome on December 12 - signed "Friends of the International").

January 17-19, 1970 SI conference in Trier Wolsfeld with Pavan representing the Italian section.

February 20, 1970 Pavan's resignation from the SI is refused and transformed into an exclusion.

April 21, 1970 Exclusion of Eduardo Rothe from the SI.

July 27, 1970 Attempted exclusion from the SI of Sanguinetti by Salvadori.

August 1970 The Red Brigades convene in Pecorile.

September 18, 1970 Exclusion of Salvadori from the SI.

October 1970 Publication of The Workers of Italy and the Revolt of Reggio de Calabre by the Italian section of the SI.

December 7, 1970 Coup attempt by WWII naval commander and founder of right-wing National Front Prince Borghese in 1968 under the code name Tora Tora (after the Japanese attack on the same date in 1941 that brought the US into WWII).

July 23, 1971 Expulsion of Sangunetti from France by the Minister of Interior as he attempts to join the French section of the SI.

April 1972 Sanguinetti and Debord sign the Theses on the SI and Its Time as the act of autodissolution of the SI.

May 31, 1972 Car bombing in Peteano kills three carabinieri and injures a fourth. Fascist Vincenzo Vinciguerra collaborated with the police in the case, revealing the way investigations followed wrong leads and generally covered up the strategy of tension by falsely blaming the left.

May 17, 1973 self-professed anarchist Gianfranco Bertoli throws a hand-grenade into a crowd outside the Milan police HQ killing four and injuring twelve. Thought to be revenge for the murder while under interrogation for the Piazza Fontana bombing of anarchist railway worker Giuseppe Pinelli. It was later discovered that Bertoli worked for SIFAR, i.e. military intelligence, and was a member of the Gladio conspiracy.

1974 Red Brigade founders Renato Curcio and Alberto Franceschini arrested, paving the way for Mario Moretti, former member of Superclan, and his strategy of constant military escalation. Moretti maintains contacts with CIA front Hyperion Language School in Paris. Moretti was so suspect that even the Red Brigaders put him on trial in prison when he was arrested - he wasn't acquitted or convicted, rather isolated from his comrades. Note that in 1974, the Brigades had also been infiltrated by Marco Pisetta and then Silvano Girotto. Despite the information they gave to authorities regarding Brigade activity, the group was allowed to carry on.

April 18, 1974 Red Brigades kidnap Mario Sossi, a right-wing magistrate from Genoa. He was held, then released without any concessions from authorities. Later revealed that the secret service had planed to kidnap a left-wing lawyer in contact with the Red Brigades to force Sossi's release. Note that former counter-espionage chief Giandelio Maletti had reports in 1975 that the Red Brigades were "recruiting terrorists from all sides and the leaders remained in the shadows, but I wouldn't say you could describe them as leftists." Many secret services officers reported that it was well-known where Sossi was being held. Maletti agreed that there were Eastern Bloc agents in the Brigades, but that one found "further in, in the most secret compartment, the infiltrators of the Interior Ministry and Western secret services."

June 17, 1974 Killing of neo-fascists by the Red Brigades; speculation that it was an internal right-wing dispute.

August 1974 Bombing of the Italicus express train. 12 deaths, 105 injuries. The bombing was linked to the P2 by the courts - the injured parties were on record stating that the accused had been "inspired, armed and financed by freemasonry, which made use of subversion and right-wing terrorism in the framework of the so-called 'strategy of tension' to create the conditions for a possible coup d'etat."

May 28, 1974 Bombing in Brescia during a union and anti-fascist protest kills eight and injures 94. In May 1987 trial one of the terrorists stated that, "All the bombings had a single purpose: to create social tension and prepare the conditions for intervention by the army."

August 4, 1974 Bombing of the Italicus Rome-Munich express train near Bologna. The P2 Commission stated that support was given by P2 to the bombers.

September 1974 As Foreign Minister, Aldo Moro visits the United States. Kissinger opposes Moro's efforts at a historic compromise with the communists and his pro-Arab foreign policy. The next day Moro becomes sick and swears off politics. He is also said to have been warned by US intelligence that his policies would be blocked and that groups on the fringes of the official secret services might be used. His wife recalled his recounting of the meeting: "You must abandon your policy of bringing all the political forces in your country into direct collaboration. Either you give this up or you will pay dearly for it." Press reports in the US carried Kissinger's unabashed intention to use covert action to undermine communism in Italy.

September-October 31, 1974 General Vito Miceli, then head of Italian military intelligence, testifies that "Now you will no longer hear people talk about black terrorism, now you will only hear them speak about those of others." Miceli is arrested for conspiring to overthrow the government by provoking an armed insurrection in order to provide an excuse for military intervention. He discloses the existence of a "Parallel SID" (SID = Defense Information Service) formed in secret agreement with the United States and within the framework of NATO.

June 1975 Red Brigader Mara Cagol killed in a shoot-out with carabinieri.

August 1975 Sanguinetti publishes his Real Report

1975 According to court testimony by P2 member Arrigo Molinari, P2 Master Gelli met with Italian and US secret services in the US embassy in Rome to discuss ways to halt the communist electoral surge in regional elections.

June 8, 1976 Red Brigades murder Public Prosecutor Fancesco Coco and two bodyguards in Genoa beginning a wave of murder of people chosen for little reason.

1976 Arms deals between the PLO and the Red Brigades based on a secret accord between the PLO and the CIA mediated by Colonel Stefano Giovannone, an Italian SISMI (Military Security Information Service, formerly SID) officer in Beirut who collaborated with Abu Ayad in a disinformation operation about the Bologna bombing.

January 1978 Mino Pecorelli, publisher of Political Observer - or OP as it was known in Italy - and one-time member of P2, publishes the secret service report that would be the basis for the prosecution of the participants in the 1970 coup attempt led by Prince Valerio Borghese.

March 16, 1978 Christian Democrat Party leader Aldo Moro kidnapped with military precision on the way to Parliament on the Via Mario Fani - sometimes referred to as the Via Fani attack. His major preoccupation prior to the kidnap, seen in unpublished articles, was US opposition to his historic compromise with the PCI. CIA refuses to help in the manhunt.

May 9, 1978 Moro's body found in the trunk of a car on Via Caetani half-way between the headquarters of the Christian Democrat and Communist parties.

January 29, 1979 Prima Linea gunmen kill Magistrate Emilio Alessandrini whose murder would have been desirable for the P2 as he was investigating Banco Amrosiano, the Milan bank headed by P2 member Roberto Calvi.

February 1979 Publication of Preface to the Fourth Italian Edition of the Society of the Spectacle by Guy Debord.

March 1979 Publication of On Terrorism and the State by Gianfranco Sanguinetti and the murder, Mafia-style, of Mino Pecorelli, publisher of OP. Pecorelli was scheduled to have an appointment for "dinner Licio" the night after his death - Licio being, quite probably, Gelli. The headline of the OP published a week before his death: "Assassinations, bombings, coup attempts - the shadow of freemasonry hovered over them all: from Piazza Fontana to the Occorsio murder, from the Borghese coup to kidnappings, to the flight of Sindona from Italy."

August 2, 1980 Bologna railway station bombing kills 85 and injures 200. 1988 conviction of right-wing terrorists for the crime is overturned in 1990.

January 1981 P2 Venerable Master Licio Gelli attends Ronald Reagan's inauguration. Gelli would later report that he spent the entire week with George Bush.

March 1981 P2 Venerable Master Licio Gelli's home is searched revealing that four cabinet ministers, three under-secretaries and 38 parliamentarians were P2 and helped precipitate the fall of the government of Arnaldo Forlani to appoint a Prime Minister who was not Christian Democrat for the first time since WWII.

July 4, 1981 Gelli's daughter, Maria Grazia, is searched at Rome airport upon entering the country. P2 documents are found on her that spell out a right-wing vision of government and the possibilities for civil war.

December 17, 1981 US General James Lee Dozier abducted by kidnappers disguised as plumbers. Largest manhunt in Italian history - bigger than for Moro - is successful largely because of the Mafia role and the hostage is released unharmed. Beginning of the end for the Red Brigade.

December 1987 Gelli sentenced to eight years for financing an armed band responsible for planting bombs on railway lines in Tuscany between 1973 and 1975. This and other convictions would later be reversed by complex legal maneuvers.

1990 Christian Democrat-controlled channel of state-run Italian televisions broadcasts allegations by an American who claimed to have worked for the CIA about Gelli's manipulation of Italian terrorism and his relationship with the CIA. He claimed that the CIA financed P2 drug trafficking and terrorism.

August 3, 1990 Prime Minister Giulio Andreotti makes a partial disclosure of Operation Gladio, a secret NATO resistance network sponsored by SIFAR and the CIA since 1963 and armed with Eastern Bloc weapons. They trained to go into action in the event of an Eastern Bloc invasion of Italy or domestic communist subversion. Andreotti quells the crisis by claiming that Gladio was legitimate. Evidence was destroyed and false information was supplied by President Francesco Cossiga. Demonstrations calling for the truth regarding Gladio and the right-wing bombings. Gladio was linked with the Parallel SID, Piano Solo plan and the Rosa dei Venti conspiracy to plot coups in the Seventies. Gladio may have been involved in the Red Brigades' kidnap of Aldo Moro (tied by a photocopier from the secret service ending up with the Red Brigades and by the fact that Moro's body was left near what had been a gladiator amphitheater, as Mino Pecorelli had predicted before Moro was found: "I read in a book that in those days runaway slaves and prisoners were taken there so that they could fight one another to the death. Who knows what there was in the destiny of Moro that his death should be discovered next to that wall? The blood of yesterday and the blood of today").

Thanks. That's frightening truth clever people well know here in Italy.
 
One thing that's interesting is that in this ATL the GIs, Silents, some of the Baby Boomers, and possibly the post-Baby Boom generations were all involved in World Wars. That sort of global war every generation is bound to have huge impacts on society. It’s a given that people will be forced to sacrifice more, be more community-minded, consume less. Technology will also inevitably be sped up, and I'm certain that there will be a Second Baby Boom after WWIII (lasting probably from 1973 to 1991). What other effects will this have on day to day life? On pop-culture?
 
Well there are certain things that become inevitable with the ATL. First by the mid-1970s, there will be the belief that American democracy is the inevitable victor against fascism and communism. By 1976, the there will be a belief in most Washington circles that India or Russia will be making reforms to be "more like America" (at least according to ATL's Henry Kissinger).

Another thing is that The Fourth Turning by William Strauss and Neil Howe would certainly be taken more seriously (especially about the idea that every generation must face some conflict). As such, on a pop culture level, you will have people take the idea of "psychohistory", the "Bible Code", Kabbalah, and astrology since "all things are fated..."

As for other pop culture items, you have seriously altered the comic book landscape. For instance, The Uncanny X-Men were based on the exploits of the American civil rights movement, with Charles Xavier espousing the views of MLK Jr. and Magneto representing Malcolm X. With the violence of the civil rights movement in the ATL, all of the X-Men characters would have been relegated to villian status. Comic book heroes, such as Superman, Wonder Woman, Batman, Green Lantern, and Captain America would be used to fight the propoganda war of the period. As such, expect issues wherein Lex Luthor or Red Skull is found to be an agent of the Italian government.

With the shape of the civil rights movement, you probably won't see Shaft created in the 1970s. The stories of Cotton Comes to Harlem , Black Caesar , and Shaft often featured a conflict between the Italian-American Mafia and the African-American heroes. As such, many "blaxploitation films" will never get made.
 
Mr_ Bondoc said:
Well there are certain things that become inevitable with the ATL. First by the mid-1970s, there will be the belief that American democracy is the inevitable victor against fascism and communism. By 1976, the there will be a belief in most Washington circles that India or Russia will be making reforms to be "more like America" (at least according to ATL's Henry Kissinger).

Another thing is that The Fourth Turning by William Strauss and Neil Howe would certainly be taken more seriously (especially about the idea that every generation must face some conflict). As such, on a pop culture level, you will have people take the idea of "psychohistory", the "Bible Code", Kabbalah, and astrology since "all things are fated..."

As for other pop culture items, you have seriously altered the comic book landscape. For instance, The Uncanny X-Men were based on the exploits of the American civil rights movement, with Charles Xavier espousing the views of MLK Jr. and Magneto representing Malcolm X. With the violence of the civil rights movement in the ATL, all of the X-Men characters would have been relegated to villian status. Comic book heroes, such as Superman, Wonder Woman, Batman, Green Lantern, and Captain America would be used to fight the propoganda war of the period. As such, expect issues wherein Lex Luthor or Red Skull is found to be an agent of the Italian government.

With the shape of the civil rights movement, you probably won't see Shaft created in the 1970s. The stories of Cotton Comes to Harlem , Black Caesar , and Shaft often featured a conflict between the Italian-American Mafia and the African-American heroes. As such, many "blaxploitation films" will never get made.

On Kissinger: Good idea, though again Fascism as a fully-developed concept will not arise until after WWIII. Communism will have died in India for the most part as the ATL states, with maybe a few socialists in power but the regime basically crushed.

On the Fourth Turning and other fatalism: Yes, I would expect that some kind of Astrology, "psychohistory", and other Mysticism would take root in this ATL. I'm not sure whether The Fourth Turning would even be the same as OTL more or less, but I'm sure something similar with a much more serious tone and concrete facts will arise (which is a good thing, I personally consider TFT to be mostly slightly-outdated new-age optimistic junk).

On Civil Rights: Actually, with the exception of the Busing riots (which were started by whites, more info on that later) the Civil Rights movement is considerably better off in this ATL. Kennedy never implemented a "Southern Strategy" and the Southern Dixiecrats and other bigots continued to lose influence in both parties. There was a huge movement to give equal benefits (and respect) to returning Black Veterans in this ATL. And there might not even be a Malcom X in this ATL.

On Blaxploitation: The mob is undoutably going to be much stronger in a world where the Russians are headed by a Totalitarian but corrupt Orthodox Party. The same thing goes for the post-War, Post-Communist Italians. Thus the Italian and Russian mobs will be a problem during the 1970's. So it's concievable that Blaxploitation films will still be made, maybe even better made.

On Comics:

With the above stated, I doubt the X-Men will be villified characters. DC and Marvel will undoutably publish a huge amount of ultra-patriotic war time comics (example: Captain America), where everyone from Nick Fury to Superman fights the "Ruskies" and "ICs" (Italian Communists). JPK may even recieve the near god-like treatment that FDR did in OTL's comics.

Post-war comics will be interesting to say the least. In OTL, Horror comics made a slight comeback but were still nothing compared to Superheroes. In this ATL, Superheroes may very well find competition from Crime comics, as the Mob is a real problem and public interest in it is skyrocketing. The 1980's may still have grim and gritty characters (in response to the darker crime stories), Crisis on Infinite Earths type events, and Graphic Novels like Watchmen. The 1990's-early 21st century may see a huge explosion in Animation, Comics, etc. like it did in OTL.
 
Some other events that would certainly be interesting is the effect on food. Consider until 1968 with Julia Child, most food and diets in American households consisted of Rice-a-roni, Velveeta Cheese, Wonder Bread, Twinkies, and Hamburger Helper. As such, try to imagine American diets without the introduction of pizza or spaghetti, with McDonalds the most exotic dish for most people. Then again Indian food could become popular starting in the 1950s/1960s, just as Chinese food did in OTL.

Another weird idea is that Bollywood could become popular during the 1970s, just as Hong Kong flicks became popular in the 1970s. This could happen in the period from 1970-1972 when Broadway musicals had a brief revival (see Xanadu , Grease , orFosse ).

Another pop culture item is the Beatles. The Beatles initially broke up after George Harrison decided to pursue the teachings of Indian musical guru Ravi Shankar in 1968. After falling out with the Ravi Shankar, John Lennon decided to pursue the teachings of Timothy Leary, causing greater rifts within the group. As such, try to imagine the group staying together in a form similar to the Rollling Stones.
 
Mr_ Bondoc said:
Some other events that would certainly be interesting is the effect on food. Consider until 1968 with Julia Child, most food and diets in American households consisted of Rice-a-roni, Velveeta Cheese, Wonder Bread, Twinkies, and Hamburger Helper. As such, try to imagine American diets without the introduction of pizza or spaghetti, with McDonalds the most exotic dish for most people. Then again Indian food could become popular starting in the 1950s/1960s, just as Chinese food did in OTL.

Another weird idea is that Bollywood could become popular during the 1970s, just as Hong Kong flicks became popular in the 1970s. This could happen in the period from 1970-1972 when Broadway musicals had a brief revival (see Xanadu , Grease , orFosse ).

Another pop culture item is the Beatles. The Beatles initially broke up after George Harrison decided to pursue the teachings of Indian musical guru Ravi Shankar in 1968. After falling out with the Ravi Shankar, John Lennon decided to pursue the teachings of Timothy Leary, causing greater rifts within the group. As such, try to imagine the group staying together in a form similar to the Rollling Stones.

Indian food growing in popularity? That sounds like a good idea. I would think that a Communist Italy would actually result in Italian food becoming more common and popular, because there would be a huge amount of immigrants coming in.

Bollywood emerging as a cheesy, but popular sub-genre like Kung-fu movies sounds good. Maybe this ATL's pop culture is more asian-ized as a result (maybe anime becomes popular in the 1980's in this world as well?). One thing to consider is the effect of Totalitarian propaganda and control on Bollywood though. I'd imagine that there might be some pretty exotic and dark movies coming from post-Communist India.

The Beatles surviving as a Rolling Stones kind of group until the 1970's also sounds like a good idea, though I'm not sure how that would effect the pop culture scene in this ATL. Any ideas on the long term consequences of such a group dynamic occurring?
 
Well, with Bollywood pictures, just consider the propoganda value of perpetually happy and singing dancers. Bollywood pictures are a light affair and as such wouldn't reflect the total sum of Indian cinema. There is still room for dark dramas, historical (propoganda) pieces, and horror flicks.

As for other weird twists. Pop culture would cetrtainly be a lot darker witht he steady influx of Russian literature and cinema into the United States and Western Europe. As a given rule, most Russian cinema is depressing and often turgid material, (IMHO) citing such examples as Anna Karenina , Crime and Punishment , and Doctor Zhivago . This is made even worse under the White Russian Orthodox film censors.

As for Italy, consider the fact that you have Rome as a backdrop. As such, youi can pretty much bet American films like Spartacus and The Fall of the Roman Empire would be seen as an insult to Italian nationalism. You could probably see Federico Fellini film government approved versions of Julius Caesar and Titus Andronicus . Also, you might want to show a "Lieutenant Martinelli" on Star Trek: The Original Series .
 
Good suggestions by all, especially with the possibility of Titus and Julius Caesar, two of my favorite Shakespearean plays, being used as Italian propaganda.

One question: who was the President in 1977? Did Humphrey get re-elected?
 
PM Nixon said:
Good suggestions by all, especially with the possibility of Titus and Julius Caesar, two of my favorite Shakespearean plays, being used as Italian propaganda.

One question: who was the President in 1977? Did Humphrey get re-elected?

Humphrey got re-elected (something which got cut off somehow when I copied-and-pasted this ATL).
 
Another sign of national pride and honor will be the opera. Just as the Bolshoi ballet was touted as one of the artistic virtues of the Soviet Union, receiving massive state funding, you can expect the opera, with Lucciano Pavarotti, Placido Domingo, and Jose Carreras would be honored fior their work at "La Scala" Opera School in Milan. One can almost imagine The Barber of Seville and La Traviatta transformed into propoganda pieces, extolling the virtues of the state and the tragedy of the individual.
 
Mr_ Bondoc said:
Another sign of national pride and honor will be the opera. Just as the Bolshoi ballet was touted as one of the artistic virtues of the Soviet Union, receiving massive state funding, you can expect the opera, with Lucciano Pavarotti, Placido Domingo, and Jose Carreras would be honored fior their work at "La Scala" Opera School in Milan. One can almost imagine The Barber of Seville and La Traviatta transformed into propoganda pieces, extolling the virtues of the state and the tragedy of the individual.

Yes, one would expect the Communists to fund the Opera and the arts with huge sums of money. I'd imagine that those works might be put under scrutiny if they're shown in the US.
 
Here's a thought: Why not have the Moon landing in 1972, after World War III? It would be particularly interesting to see Kennedy's reaction to his dream being successful. Maybe given the Conservative views of this JFK, the private sector is encouraged to get into space exploration and science much more so than OTL...
 
Some things that may be added to the timeline at this point are the post-war or war technological developments. Consider that you still have to deal with wartime creation of helicopters, anti-aircraft rockets, ICBMs, wireless phones, computers, and possibly even the Internet. As for the space program , just consider the "Dyna-Soar" program of 1965, James P. Hogan writes a lot about it.
 
Perhaps the government and companies of this ATL invest more money in Computer, VR, and other technologies than in OTL. Maybe the PC is invented in the early 1970's, and VR technology becomes a real phenomenon, leading to VR sites on the internet. We could potentially end up with a world that's up to twenty years more advanced than our in certain technologies. Imagine a society that's retained much of the same values and standards as the post-war era, suddenly confronted with cyber-punk type technologies. Sounds promising, doesn't it?
 
Here are some things that would mark the 1970s, "Second Baby Boom". First off, there will certainly be a lot more "Generation X" members born, unless they are prevented by the presence of birth control products. Second, with the war, there would certainly be another push for women's rights. By 1973, there will be a blossoming women's rights movement stronger than in OTL, with stronger roots in the "Rosie the Riveter" movement. Also there would certainly be a push for the possibility of women serving in combat positions. Just consider the fact that in WWII, there was the call by 1944 in OTL for women to enter the draft. With the 1970s, you would have Hustler magazine under Larry Flynt and Penthouse under Bob Guccione considered more mainstream. Also, you would have infamous porn stars such as John Holmes, Ron Jeremy, and Tracy Lords would be considered more respectable.
 
Mr_ Bondoc said:
Here are some things that would mark the 1970s, "Second Baby Boom". First off, there will certainly be a lot more "Generation X" members born, unless they are prevented by the presence of birth control products. Second, with the war, there would certainly be another push for women's rights. By 1973, there will be a blossoming women's rights movement stronger than in OTL, with stronger roots in the "Rosie the Riveter" movement. Also there would certainly be a push for the possibility of women serving in combat positions. Just consider the fact that in WWII, there was the call by 1944 in OTL for women to enter the draft. With the 1970s, you would have Hustler magazine under Larry Flynt and Penthouse under Bob Guccione considered more mainstream. Also, you would have infamous porn stars such as John Holmes, Ron Jeremy, and Tracy Lords would be considered more respectable.

Women's rights will indeed be more successful, albeit with more of a militaristic-conservative, non-Leftist bent to them. Porn may be less seedy and more respectable in this ATL, a direct result of the "Rosie the Riveter II" idea that will permeate from this timeline's feminism. Women's studies won't really occur as the precedent set in OTL for them of the "New Left" won't exist. However, it is quite possible that more attention will be paid to women throughout history and in society...

Birth Control products outside of Condoms won't really be that prevalent. In OTL, a Catholic came up with the idea for "the Pill." In this ATL, there will be more of a stigma attached due to the post-war conservative culture of the 1970's. We could end up with a world frozen in the 1940's-1950's when it comes to Sexuality. Maybe we have a gay movement gaining more strength in the 1970's, a kind of backlash to this prevailing societal attitude?

Well this is an interesting ATL. A US that's more socially conservative, but also more technologically advanced and less prejudiced than OTL. Talk about your neo-Conservative paradises.
 
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