1951
Pete Hernández is charged with murdering another Mexican American, and the case is argued by lawyer Gus García of the League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC). In January 1954, he successfully appeals the conviction to the U.S. Supreme Court on the grounds that Mexican Americans are excluded from serving on juries in Texas, making it impossible for them to gain a fair trial before a jury of their peers. (In the ATL, what if the situation turns into a Scottsboro style lynching)
Public Law 78 renews the Bracero program (begun in 1942), bringing an average of 350,000 temporary Mexican workers per year to the United States for the next 13 years. ( In the ATL, it is more likely th elaw would have been overturned in the light of refugees)
1952
J. Edgar Hoover orders FBI agents to collect evidence that would justify listing the Asociación Nacional México-Americana (ANMA) as a security threat under the Internal Security Act of 1950. Despite an appeal, ANMA is listed as a subversive organization, and many members are deported. (This is a great POD that would certainly point to bad things for people in the ATL)
1953
The U.S. Immigration Service arrests and deports over 3.8 million persons of Mexican descent during Operation Wetback (which continues until 1958). Many U.S. citizens are deported unfairly, including political activist Luisa Moreno and other Mexican-American leaders. (Just try to imagine a POD wherein the numbers are doubled in the ATL)
1954
The League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) ends the segregation of Mexican-American prisoners at the Texas State Prison in Huntsville.(In the ATL, this could have been the start of the Huntsville Prison Riots)
The Asociación Nacional México-Americana (ANMA) unsuccessfully appeals to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights to investigate the status of Mexican agricultural workers (You could have the sam eappeal brought before the League of Nations for a similar POD in the ATL)
1956
Alfredo Montoya, president of the Asociación Nacional México-Americana (ANMA), is accused of being a member of the Communist party and is investigated by the House Un-American Activities Committee and the Senate Subversive Activities board; he is not found guilty. (In the ATL, try to imagine a guilty verdict by HUAC)
1959
The highest number of Mexican workers enter the United States under the Bracero program, peaking at 450,000 by the end of this year. (Just change Bracero to refugee, and you have another POD for the ATL)
The Mexican American Political Association (MAPA) is formed to endorse candidates, register voters, and implement voter education programs.
Rock-and-Roll stars Ritchie Valens (Ritchie Valenzuela) and Buddy Holly are killed in a plane crash.
1960
Mexican Americans are instrumental in John F. Kennedy's narrow victory in the presidential election. At 43, Kennedy becomes the youngest man ever elected president and the first Roman Catholic to hold this office.
San Antonio, Texas, is the first large southern city to integrate lunch counters. The city had previously integrated schools, buses, parks, and pools.